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Climate Change and Solar Solutions: A Hurricane Sandy (Ongoing) Experience

Meg Cichon, Associate Editor, RenewableEnergyWorld.com
November 14, 2012  |  16 Comments

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Raina Russo drives through the ravaged streets of her coastal neighborhood in New York, dodging downed trees and aware of the constant sirens that indicate emergency workers are responding to yet another fire. This is what she calls her "new normal" in her life post-Sandy.

Two weeks have passed since “Superstorm” Sandy ravaged the Northeast, and according to Russo, it’s been, and still is, an eye-opening experience. Living like a gypsy, she and her family have been on the move looking for a bed to sleep in each night. Today was a lucky day — she finally found a rental where they can settle in for consecutive days.  Her beachfront property was flooded during the storm, her cars totaled, and her electricity and heat are still off and not expected to return for another few weeks.

Her trials have influenced this week’s #SolarChat, a bi-weekly Twitter-based solar conversation that Russo introduced more than one year ago. Russo wants to know what everyone is saying about the Hurricane Sandy situation (she hasn’t been able to follow media reports since the storm hit), and thinks this week’s topic on climate change and solar solutions will generate an interesting discussion.

Reflecting on her own experience, Russo says she has come to realize our true dependence on power and how it affects our lives.

“You think of power and you think you’ve lost electricity in your home, refrigerator, heater, and so on. But it’s so much more than that. We lost power and cell service dropped; we were up against a gas shortage because the pipelines turn off during the storm and during loss of electricity,” Russo explains. “So you have no power, and all of a sudden you have no communication and no transportation – and you have no means of even operating generators that weren’t flooded because of the gas shortage. Its such a compounded situation, and it’s all about power.” 

Despite her difficulties, there is one part of Russo’s property that seems to have made it through the storm unscathed: her 10.4-kW rooftop solar system. Pending a full system check from Mercury Solar Solutions, her installer, Russo says it looks like her inverters are high enough to have avoided flood damage, and her panels withstood the Hurricane-force winds and remain intact. And Russo isn’t the only solar customer amazed at the integrity of their panels; there are several stories of rooftop panels surviving the storm, and some even credit the panels for providing extra security to the roof. There are also reports on larger solar farms (and other renewables) that sustained minimal impact.

Russo lost electricity because her system is tied to the grid; during outages most systems shut down to prevent power from feeding into power lines, which endangers workers that may be out for repairs. This got Russo thinking about storage solutions. She says she hadn’t thought about storage until Sandy, but after speaking to friends and neighbors who own top-of-the-line generators that were flooded and, ultimately, unusable, Russo thinks she should take her existing system to the next level. 

“Storage is going to be my first priority in my [home] rebuild process. I need to consult with people on this because I’m not an expert, but why would I invest in a gas generator,” says Russo. “Our panels are on our roof, supposedly they are not damaged, the inverters are high enough that they are not getting damaged either, so if we had storage, that could act as our backup generator.”

Solar companies are starting to catch on to this necessity. SolarCity now offers an energy storage system with its installations, and claim that during a utility outage, the battery system will allow for up to three days of power for basic needs. It can even reduce utility bills by providing power at night instead of drawing from the grid. 

Russo believes the storm has given the solar industry the perfect opportunity to break out into the mainstream and expand. “We’re talking about a tri-state metropolitan area of people. This is the time for us to capitalize on it. Everyone is aware that this isn’t an once-in-a-lifetime storm as we’ve always been told. That’s why we need to discuss climate change,” says Russo.

It seems like the some in the media agree. A few days after the storm passed Bloomberg Businessweek issued a blunt, straight-to-the-point headline on the cover of its magazine with a photo of a flooded, powerless New York City street: “It’s Global Warming, Stupid.” While the debate continues to go back and forth amongst political pundits, it’s clear that people are starting to pay more attention, and Russo believes solar needs to enter the discussion. 

“No one wants to go through this nightmare again, so many people are going to be investing in something,” says Russo. “If people know that they have no choice but to invest, they should put their money into solar. It can solve a lot of the climate change problems that we’re dealing with to begin with, and acts as support during a storm.” 

Hurricane Sandy has certainly provided us with major questions and opportunities: renewable energy solutions, climate change, grid modernization, energy storage…the list goes on. All of these topics will be discussed this Wednesday at 2 p.m. during #SolarChat. Panelists include Stephen Lacey, deputy editor at Climate Progress (@Stphn_Lacey), Elisa Wood, energy journalist and regular contributor to RenewableEnergyWorld.com (@ElisaWood), and of course, #SolarChat creator Raina Russo (@EcoOutfitters). Come share your thoughts on climate change, solar solutions, and your own Hurricane Sandy experience – register here. If you have any questions for panelists, feel free to post them in the comments below.

“This is a real issue and somehow the solar industry needs to capitalize on the fact that it’s now the topic of conversation for everyone. Plus, it’s helping with climate change, which is something that definitely contributed to the enormity of this storm and the frequency of the storms that we are going to be faced with,” says Russo. “I think it’s a new kind of messaging that we can use to penetrate to the mainstream that is now looking for answers.”

16 Comments

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Amy Malloy
Amy Malloy
December 5, 2012
In general it appears that both solar and wind installations held up pretty well during the storm with limited damage. Solar's invaluable contributions to the recovery effort have certainly opened our eyes to its potential for flexible off-grid solutions to power generation. Midtown Community School in Bayonne, NJ had a roof-top solar system that was programmed to route power away from the grid and into a generator when power from the grid was lost. (see http://www.everblue.edu/blog/solar-shines-during-sandy-recovery) Climate change is a reality and more storms like Sandy seem to be inevitable. Solar, especially when coupled with storage solutions, has the potential to not only help us mitigate climate change, but to help us adapt to the resulting extreme weather. It will be interesting to see if the success of solar in storms such as Sandy spur the market for advanced inverter technologies and storage solutions.
Ricky Hannah
Ricky Hannah
November 16, 2012
Our home is a one story 2500 sq. ft. first floor at 74 deg with a full 2500 sq. ft. basement keep at 66 deg.
The house has a 400 amp service provided through two 200 amp Service Boxes. This house is capable of having its solar power in the future doubled to power the house and multiple electric cars. The garage contains two 240 watt 50 amp rated plugs for future electric car stage II chargers
The power bills averaged $132.00 per month the first year and 3 months without the PV Solar.
10,810 watts of ground mounted PV solar 300 feet from house using 46 Trina 235 watt panels and 46 Enphase M215 micro inverters.
Produced 9,760 KWH of DC power as of 09/28/2012, PV cost after rebates $24,308.81, State Rebate $14,400.00
Federal Tax Credit $14,738.06 , Installed 04/10/2012
Since the first month April (May bill) of PV Solar the monthly power bill from Ameren is $17.55. This is the monthly (customer/meter charge) as we make more power than we consume. As of our Ameren bill ending 09/18/2012 we have a current credit of 4331 KWHs over the last five months.
Our PV system has produced 8462 KWHs AC on our own revenue meter over the last five months. The Envoy from the Enphase system shows over 9000 KWHs DC during this time. The difference is due to the conversion loss of DC to AC by the micro inverters and line losses over the 300 feet of wire to the house.
We feel we have locked in our electric rate for the next 25 plus years. We expect to save a lot of gas when electric car batteries are more efficient and the prices of them come down over the next five years.
4 ton Geo thermal system consisting of four 150 foot deep wells with Water Furnace in the basement.
Geo cost after Federal Tax Credit $15,716.40, Federal Tax Credit $ 6,735.60 , Installed 12/04/2010
ICF , The house is constructed of ICF (Insulated Concrete Form with two sides of 2 5/8" Styrofoam and 6"of steel reinforced concrete),
Tim Dolan
Tim Dolan
November 15, 2012
When I installed my system in Dec 2009, I looked at energy storage solutions at the time. They were not economical versus the likelihood that I would lose power for an extended period. I had decided the best long term option based on existing technology of 2009/2010 time frame was to eventually get a used EV or PHEV battery and use that for emergency backup power (a couple or 3 of them would allow me to store enough during the day to charge the car at night).

My priority though was get the solar PV system first, because it will last for decades before needing replacement and then get the EV/PHEV vehicle second. In the mean-time I am also continuing to keep a loose eye on energy storage technology and as I have mentioned to my state and federal representatives we need to invest in energy storage tech even more then solar at this point.

One of the catches though is as the story mentions, most of the system was above the flood waters, this means the energy storage solution needs to be above the flood level as well. For my house that means the batteries or other tech would likely have to be in the attic of the house. I would not want the "affordable" batteries inside my house.

Luckily in my case, if my house floods from anything other then a pipe breaking, we are talking biblical in nature as I am on the high ground of my area. So batteries can go outside the house proper. But it is something to consider for the future.
lawrence elliott
lawrence elliott
November 15, 2012
OOPS! 20 cents/watt
lawrence elliott
lawrence elliott
November 15, 2012
With my system I could have her grid tied system up and running feeding full available power to her panel in a little over ten minutes. All without the need for a grid.

No system should be installed without it since it's under 1/2 cent watt based on her system size.
ANONYMOUS
November 15, 2012
I predict you will see a massive effort to 'engineer' the climate; not only by the U.S. but by nations largely out of our control. RUSSIA and CHINA have already embarked on such endeavors; and I expect the Obama administration to engage in similar efforts.

Even Wilhelm Reich's CLOUD BUSTERS are being examined as 'solutions' to AGW.
Bob Wallace
Bob Wallace
November 14, 2012
Russell - only a small percentage of the population don't understand global climate change and why it is happening. Most people want something done to minimize it.

Your perception of public perception of climate change is incorrect.
Bob Wallace
Bob Wallace
November 14, 2012
"Won't those batteries only store so much?"

The Leaf has a 24kWh battery bank that can be discharged to about the 20% level. That's a lot of power, especially if the household goes into efficiency mode and turns off everything not needed.

"Is the procedure to use them complex?"

It shouldn't be. You'd already be set up to charge your EV/PHEV from house power. Panels would supply power during the day. Some EVs/PHEVs are already being marketed as able to power your house when the grid is down. A PHEV would give you a very efficient generator.

"As for grid interface, the danger to workers is big, I'd think. How to remove such a threat?"

There should be a gird disconnect. That said, it must be the case that workers are constantly dealing with hot wires in these situations. I'm sure people fire up their generator and plug the output into the house system. Put a male plug on both ends of an extension cord and you're feed gen power to the grid.

We need smart meters so that feedback into the grid can be stopped when necessary.
Robert Fiske
Robert Fiske
November 14, 2012
Russell;
I'm really not sure what you mean by Mixing CC and Solar Panels..

It does remind me of one of my most common recent refrains against Nuclear Power, which is that if we are to keep seeing weather extremes, like the ongoing Droughts in the Midwest and in Afghanistan, right next door to devastating flooding, as in NY/NJ and Pakistan.. what chance does Nuclear power have of safely surviving these conditions, while we can stick a PV panel literally under water or toss it onto a pile of Death Valley sand and it will still produce watts, as long as the sun is hitting it.

I am well aware of the PR nightmare around useful and sober Climate Understanding.. but the apathy and the ignorance of the general public doesn't change any of the facts above.

These things will be all mixed in under the new climate.. how well each of them survives, and how many of the durable and useful ones we've prebuilt is the matter at hand.
Tom Henkel
Tom Henkel
November 14, 2012
The Steinway & Sons manufacturing plant in Astoria, Queens, NY has roof-mounted Abengoa-IST PT-1 troughs that drive a 2E absorption chiller cooling and low pressure steam plant. Those troughs also survived the high winds of Sandy.
Robert Fiske
Robert Fiske
November 14, 2012
RH in LA; The problem of protecting linesmen is very Important, but it's not a Big problem, since it's long been solved. Beyond a simple, lockable manual switch or breaker which one could use to personally assure their house is clear from any grid connection, the more common and trusted solution is to have an anti-islanding Inverter/Charger that switches over seamlessly onto whatever you have opted for in terms of storage capacity. As with the capacity of storage in an EV, 'how big is big?' .. the GM Volt's battery is (from only a quick search) 16kwh .. that can do a good bit of work.. depending as always on your expectations. Then What? Well, you budget your usage, and you hopefully have PV and sun to recharge them, or wind, or micro-hydro.. The thing is, if you DON'T have any of these options and the storm takes out your power, 'Then What?' .. You go into a blackout with the preparations you have.
russell knapp
russell knapp
November 14, 2012
I am as interested in solar energy as the most rabid proponent, but mixing solar ppower with climate change is probably not a good idea. The public perception of climate change is, "So what. It has happened several times before, a very natural thing." Mixing politics with technology is not too smart.
Robert Hall
Robert Hall
November 14, 2012
A couple of issues seem to jump out at me as crucial: storage and grid interface. The EV battery solution posted by Bob Wallace is intriguing; never heard that one before. Won't those batteries only store so much? Then what? Is the procedure to use them complex? As for grid interface, the danger to workers is big, I'd think. How to remove such a threat? Leaving aside the question of feeding back into the grid for payment - credit or payout, how to resolve these issues?
Robert Fiske
Robert Fiske
November 14, 2012
Anumakonda;
It's not a race.. well, ok it IS a race, but not in the least between Solar and Wind. I sure wouldn't want to put all my eggs in ANY one basket. What this story and experience keeps showing us is that we need resilience and more options for independent power. We need a wisely diversified portfolio, as the financial planners put it.. and we need to start learning again how to be sufficient enough that getting cut off from these umbilicals, Power, Information, Transport- doesn't paralyze us.

I'm building some Solar Thermal (Copper Flat Plate collectors from recycled material) for hot water, even though the big story is how ecnonomical PV>Heat Pumps is now. I don't disagree.. but I can rebuild my panels and water system if I have to. I ALSO have a Grid Powered Heat Pump as another source feeding the hot water system for my Apt bldg, and have no problem adding PV to offset the KWH when I can, but we need robust simple tools of every sort within reach, and we need to STOP describing our choices in such Either/Or modes.

I wish your business every success.. I'm eager to have wind in my toolkit as well one day. With extreme weather likely to keep coming, I'm particularly impressed with the Verticals such as www.windside.com , which can produce power in a broader range of wind speeds, can survive heavy storms, and can be made again from simple, local materials and craftspeople.

Bob
Anumakonda Jagadeesh
Anumakonda Jagadeesh
November 13, 2012
Wind Turbines are more reliable in such cases.

Two wind farms hit by Hurricane Sandy in Cuba survived the storm and did not sustain any damage, according to the World Wind Energy Association (WWEA).

The affected area, in the Cuban province of Holguin, accommodates two wind farms: the 5.1 MW Gibara I, which consists of six 850 kW wind turbines installed in 2008, and the 4.5 MW Gibara II, which consists of six 750 kW machines installed in 2010. Both wind farms were hit by wind speeds of up to 110 miles per hour during the storm.
Dr.A.Jagadeesh Nellore(AP),India
Wind Energy Expert
E-mail: anumakonda.jagadeesh@gmail.com
Bob Wallace
Bob Wallace
November 13, 2012
She needs to make one or more of her vehicles an EV or PHEV. Use the vehicle batteries for house storage when the grid is down.

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Meg Cichon

Meg Cichon

As associate editor of RenewableEnergyWorld.com, I coordinate and edit feature stories, contributed articles, news stories, opinion pieces and blogs. I also research and write content for RenewableEnergyWorld.com and REW magazine. I manage...
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