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UK Research Team Aims To Decrease Cost of Solar Energy

Published: February 12, 2008

A national team of UK scientists is embarking on one of the UK's largest ever research projects into photovoltaic (PV) energy.

"Our medium to long-term goal is to make a major contribution to achieving competitive photovoltaic solar energy, which we hope will lead to an uptake in the use of solar power."

-- Professor Ken Durose, Department of Physics, Durham University

The £6.3 million [US $12.3 million] PV-21 (Photovoltaic Materials for the 21st century), led by experts at Durham University, will focus on making thin-film light absorbing cells for solar panels from sustainable and affordable materials.

Eight UK universities, led by Durham and including Bangor, Bath, Cranfield, Edinburgh, Imperial College London, Northumbria and Southampton, are involved in the project. They will work together with nine industrial partners towards a "medium to long-term goal" of making solar energy more competitive and sustainable.

At present solar cells are made from key components such as the rare and expensive metal indium, which costs approximately £320 [US $660] per kilogram. To cut costs in solar cell production the research team will work to reduce the thickness of the cells. Making a solar semiconductor thinner by one millionth of a meter in solar cells generating one gigawatt of power could save 50 tons of material.

Researchers will also experiment with sustainable low-cost materials that could be used in the manufacturing of solar cells and on the use of nanotechnology and dyes on ultra-thin silicon to capture increased amounts of energy from the sun's rays.

Principal investigator Professor Ken Durose of the Department of Physics at Durham University said, "at present you would need tens of tons of very rare and expensive materials for large scale production of solar cells to produce sizeable amounts of power. Some of the materials currently used may not be sustainable in 20 years time which is why we have to conduct research into alternative materials that are cheaper to buy and more sustainable."

The researchers hope that the project will ultimately lead PV to grid-parity. "Our medium to long-term goal is to make a major contribution to achieving competitive photovoltaic solar energy, which we hope will lead to an uptake in the use of solar power," said Durose.

The latest funding follows an initial four-year research project by PV-21 that focused on the development of thin-layer PV cells using compound semiconductors based on the cadmium telluride and chalcopyrite systems.

This new work will form the basis for testing new ideas over the next four years.

Chris Pywell, Head of Strategic Economic Change at regional development agency One NorthEast, said: "This project will add substantially to the position of North East England which is already at the forefront of photovoltaic energy research. As well as the strengths of Durham and Northumbria universities that are demonstrated by this success, we have the PV development facilities at NaREC, the new PETEC facilities at NETPark, and great businesses such as ROMAG. The Agency, Durham University and our other partners are committed to building on this new project and our many other successes to ensure the region leads the UK in renewable energy."

The four-year project is scheduled to begin in April 2008 and is being funded by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) under the SUPERGEN (Sustainable Power Generation and Supply) initiative. The goal of the SUPERGEN initiative is to help the UK meet its environmental emissions targets through a radical improvement in the sustainability of power generation and supply.

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Comment
1 of 15
February 12, 2008

Hey J.D.

Let me know if you find such a list, I would be happy to integrate it into my public database of PV manufacturers. ( energystats.org )

Dave

 


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Comment
2 of 15
February 12, 2008

UK Research Team Aims To Decrease Cost of Solar Energy

 

The easist way to save on Solar pv is to stop using it until the price comes down. If the price never comes down, don't use it. You save at least .$20 per kwh that way.  Hence my solar pv solutions save $.20 per kwh. That could be 50% or better by some estimates.

Gee, I did that with no funding at all and under 2 minutes. I bet those guys in the story are less sucessful, take a lot longer, and spend lots more money.


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3 of 15
February 12, 2008

As far I know, just the simple silicium cells, do not use any rare material. I have been checking that, but I couldn't find anything.

If Indium is used as conductive layer, it can be replaced by graphene (in principle).

Lucas


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4 of 15
February 12, 2008

Does anyone have a list of each manufacturers latest cell efficiencies? Anyone?  solarjake@gmail.com


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5 of 15
February 12, 2008
I'm afraid that if it's not affordable to the masses it will be a slow foreward progression, and time is of the essence. I wish them luck. As it stands our economy is in shambles and most under 50k yr folks are scrambling just to afford to stay warm. These people represent a very large group.
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6 of 15
February 13, 2008
This year in New Zealand we have observed something interesting with the present La Nina weather pattern.  Wind is not producing as much power per turbine as it has in past years but there are many more hours of sunshine in many areas.  Unfortunately, solar uptake is still lagging behind wind so we don't have significant generation from that source.  It does suggest though that at least in New Zealand, solar will tend to balance wind when we have more solar pumping electricity into the grid.  Any experience out there in other countries on whether solar and wind tend to be complimentary.
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7 of 15
February 13, 2008

I have never been a great fan of solar energy, but I still hope Durham university has great success:

I always have, and still believe that energy via hydrogen is the way forward, and believe the wealth of the UK would be better spent trying to iron out the problems of how best to produce hydrogen safely and cheaply: Once the hydrogen conundrom is solved the possibilites are endless and a safe bright future is assured:

Roll on the day when we can tell the worlds oil cartels to stick their oil where the sun dont shine:


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8 of 15
February 13, 2008

I'm sure all these research efforts to use less of certain rare metals to make them go further are very worthwhile and if Oil is any indication, when there is a need, more effort is spent in searching for new sources  and they are found.  However there  are some much more prosaic ways of making solar-electric financially attractive.  On the technical side, simply developing a long-run solar panel that would clad a roof rather than putting your solar panels on top of the conventional roofing would reduce the price of solar by the cost of the conventional roofing.  In addition, there are many "strokes of the pen" any government could do to reduce the cost of solar by half.  See:

http://mtkass.blogspot.com/2007/07/solar-electric-government-role.html 


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9 of 15
February 13, 2008

That is assuming it is wise to use the world's entire indium production to produce a trivial 10GW of power.

Sounds crazy to me, when silicon can do the job, albeit perhaps at lower efficiency. 


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10 of 15
February 13, 2008

Fantastic initiative by Durham University. Raw Material has been a concern for Thin Films and the research work will certainly help inlong-term to find solutoin for cheaper and cost-effective materials

For readers pleas eb know that Indium is not an issue for Thin Films as its utilisation is hardly 5 g/m2 and the present reserves are sufficient to sustain for atleast 10 GW production. Till that capacity is reached, alternative methods would have been found out which is what the authroties at Durgham Univ.a re doing rightly

 

Jaideep Malaviya, INDIA


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11 of 15
February 13, 2008

Great news from Durham the birthplace of steam and now looking to the future with solar energy.

Show us the way on how to tap into that benevolent ball of energy which laid down the Durham coalfields and in turn kick started  the industrial revolution.

We are on the brink of an energy revolution and solar plus hydrogen will be the key to secure our future energy needs.

Unlike Jim I bet you guys will be successful and will make a lot of money!

Mike H. founder HYDROGENHEADS


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12 of 15
February 14, 2008

I couldn't agree with you more Mike.  In other words, solar electric and hydro will tend to be complimentary.  I think a future development we are much in need of is to generate an excess of renewable energy as often as possible which opens up the possibility of using demand balancing instead of supply balancing of our electricity.  Some ideas on this subject are in:

http://mtkass.blogspot.com/2007/10/excess-energy-what-to-do.html. 

 


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13 of 15
February 14, 2008

Good point William. Less wind less rain equals more sunshine. It just shows as far as renewables go we can't put all our eggs in one basket.

That is why we need to get in behind Massey and support their efforts to develope efficient solar panels to split hydrogen from water.

Hydrogen is the greatest energy carrier known to man; just look at the sun.

When I do see its friendly face popping up over Rangitoto every morning the message it seems to be sending out is "use me or loose me"

Mike H. founder HYDROGENHEADS www.hydrogenheads.org


Comment
14 of 15
February 16, 2008
Bringing solar to the mainstream masses is going to be innovation in the financial industry, companies such as nanosolar and other companies have already been pushing down the cost per watt, the cost for solar has been dropping dramatically on the manufacturing end historically. Although if you look into the financial innovation it has been struggling to keep up. People are not used to prepaying their energy bills for the next 30 years, they are used to acquiring there energy on a service basis (month –to-month payments) Understanding this, I strongly believe it will take a financial innovation to take solar mainstream!

-Deep Patel
www.gogreensolar.com
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15 of 15
February 18, 2008

There are some good developments in the pipeline already - Crystalline Silicon on Glass and Sliver Cells being two silicon based ones that use significantly less processed silicon. I'm not aware of them requiring rare metals like indium. CIGS type cells could well come up against resource constraints.  Any project aimed at low cost, massively mass produceable PV ought to begin from the best in the labs and under development rather than what  is currently mass produced,  as well as improvements in producing nano materials, so it ought to have a good head start.


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