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Posted on July 30, 2010
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How Practical Are Electric Cars? The Sequel.

A few days after I wrote part one, Chevy came out with an estimated cost of the Volt, and my frugal Midwestern farm girl inner voice cried “Holy capped carburetors! Seriously?”

The Volt will come in at around $40,000, making it about $33,000 after the government credit. (The Nissan Leaf starts at $33,000 before the tax credit.)

A lot of people I talked to about this---for I was a bit surprised that a car the size of my right tennis shoe would cost $40,000---made valid points about it being expensive to research and develop and such. And, again, I realize that my growing-up-Heidi upbringing might have me leaning a bit cheap on most purchases. (I recently refused to buy a belt because I thought a utilitarian strap to hold up my low-riders should not be more expensive than $30 unless it is inlaid in some sort of semi-precious stone.) But, still, who’s going to buy an electric car that costs like a sports car without the sex factor?


And, really, $40,000 is the base model, before bells and whistles, and it’s the MSRP. When’s the last time you bought a car at the MSRP?

I’ve got to say, I’m still on the fence about this electric car thing, overall. I want to be persuaded. I know I can be persuaded. Heck, General Mills cereal persuades me constantly with its shiny cereal advertising, but I’m still a bit stuck on this whole cost/benefit analysis thing. The cereal has it easy: it’s cheap and tasty and convenient. Triple bonus. The Volt has it hard. I admit that. I’m a tough sell.

It reminds me of the time I looked into solar panels for my house. $20,000 for something that would need about ten years to recoup the costs but would probably have to be replaced in five---and that was if it survived a good Oklahoma hail storm.

Man, it is expensive to save the world. Unlike Al Gore---whom I like, by the way---I just cannot afford it.

But, back to the Volt. I currently drive a Kia. It cost $20,000. That’s half the price of the Volt and about the same price I could have paid for those solar panels, although the panels couldn’t drive my bad self to work. The Kia gets pretty decent gas mileage, doesn’t cost a lot in repairs and is reliable. Plus, no limit on those miles beforehand.

So, would I pay twice the cost of my current vehicle to save the world? Not right now. In the future? Maybe---really---but there’s a catch: You have to prove to me it’s going to make a difference, this large and expensive Earth purchase.

I always have the same thought with electric cars, and it centers around hype. I can get used to the inconveniences (remembering to schedule charging on down time, looking for a charging station if out and about, thinking more about a car than I’m used to), and I can even get used to the price. I had similar sticker shock when CDs began to rule over cassettes when I was a music fiend in high school.

But, I’m having trouble with the logic, with the end result.

See, I live in the Midwest where use of fossil fuels is pretty prevalent in electricity production. So, while I’d be personally polluting less with an electric car, have I not simply shifted that pollution footprint to a power company? Am I making a real dramatic difference, or is it just a slight of hand? And, is it possible that shifting the pollution footprint to a power company could make that footprint an even larger one, in the long run?

Renewables are a growing force in the power arena, but they are still hovering at 3-4% of overall power production. That means 96-97% is non-renewable. OK, so 20% is nuclear. It doesn’t pollute---at least, not in a “puffy clouds in the sky” way. So, that kicks it down to 76-77%. We’ll be generous and say 75%.

So, if 75% of power production is still the carbon-emitting kind, am I making a difference buying an electric car? And, will I feel like a schmuck for spending twice as much to get no real results on the global warming front?

It’s something to ponder. What are your thoughts?
Add Your Comment 11 Reader Comments
Comment
1 of 11
July 30, 2010
Hi:

Maybe they can have a super model as an option to take care of the "sex factor". These days with high res 3D painting and a good blowup doll, who knows what can be achieved!!!.
Sorry, could not resist....
Aside from the fact that the car companies have an century long irrevocable contract with the oil industry, it always comes down to economies to scale. Most "things" in a given "group" cost more, not because of materials or even technology but simply based on how many are made and sold. There are literally thousands of items that cost more than an identical item of larger size. Yet, the smaller is more expensive because less are produced and sold.
To make the serious difference, you need to charge the car with RE gen elect.. Then the WHOLE footprint gets real small...
...and I know what you mean... if you cannot afford it, then you cannot afford it... its not about ROI.. the option just is not there...

.....Bill
Comment
2 of 11
July 30, 2010
A couple of points:

1. I guess you didn't see my last response to your previous column: Home solar as an option to power an electric car is a viable, cost-efficient, and clean way to power an electric car for millions of people, with the American southwest an especially great place for this. We spent $8,500 out of pocket for a 5.59 kW system (not $20k) in Colorado. In ONE month, we've generated 650 extra kWh hours that we've banked to power a future electric car. That's 2,600 miles of oil free, sunshine driving, with $390 in gasoline savings (20 mpg, $3 gallon). By the time we buy a LEAF (for around $20k after federal and Colorado state tax incentives) in about 2 years, we'll have banked 18,000 miles with our solar system, and saved up $2,500 in gas cost savings. We're not an anomaly. There are many people like us -- check out my web site SolarChargedDriving.Com -- http://solarchargeddriving.com -- if you're truly genuine in saying that you want to be convinced.

2. In terms of the grid mix. It makes no sense to do national numbers on the grid mix. You've got to do state, and ideally, individual utility mix numbers. There are some fantastic places to plug in an electric car (American Northwest), good places (California & Maine) and not very good places (W. Virgina, Wyoming, Indiana, etc.) Of course, you can take matters into your own hands and put up solar if you live in W. Virginia, etc. (though, unfortunately, state incentive there aren't very good).

In sum, electric cars can make a huge difference in the world environmentally speaking, and if you live in the right state (maybe you don't), you will save money -- lots of money -- by doing the solar + EV combo. Our 5.59 kw system for $8,500 will have paid itself off in just 4 years, thanks to our EV+PV plans. After that, free electricity and free "gasoline" for 15, 20, maybe 30 years!
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Comment
3 of 11
July 30, 2010
Oh, and you might also consider building your own EV:

http://ev.gearboxmagazine.com/
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Comment
4 of 11
July 30, 2010
On charging with coal, you will see an improvement in your carbon footprint but it is going to be small, possibly as low as 2-3oz of CO2 not emitted for every equivalent mile traveled in a 30mpg gasoline car.
EV's only really make a large impact when charged with renewables. This doesn't mean you shouldn't buy an EV if you can afford it and like the idea. Even coal plants will become more efficient in the next few years, and a bigger demand for cleaner energy will only be reached if people with EVs are helping to demand it.
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5 of 11
July 31, 2010
Step back a few steps and take a look at the three big American car makers and then take a look at the foreign auto makers who make electric autos. The foreign electric cars get at least 250 miles between charges and the American electric cars get at least 40 miles between charges. The foreign cars get at least 40 to 60 mpg and the American cars get at least 20 to 30 mpg. The American electric cars cost 40 to 60,000 thousand dollars, the foreign electric cars cost 20 to 30,000 dollars. The foreign electric cars look fantastic, the American electric cars look like something that you would see in a circus with clowns crawling out of them.

The American auto makers intentionally build their electric cars to look cheap, shotty, and frighteningly ugly with batteries that are the same. They do this to discourage the transaction from fossil fuel to green energy. For the cost it takes to build one nuclear power plant, you can build five geothermal power plants in the same place where we now have coal power plants and it will not affect the grid any except providing us more electricity that is cleaner, cheaper, and safe to use for the next million years. The American auto makers will continue to do this for as long as we allow them too. Japan has a super charger that can charge your car in 15 minutes and it costs $2,000 and can be placed any where. Buy only foreign electric cars and maybe the American auto makers will wake up and lower their prices to help the American people transact to green energy.
Comment
6 of 11
July 31, 2010
Hi JD:

God, you are so correct. I always thought the EV1 was never made available to purchase, because it was from the beginning, placed on the market so it could be taken off the market and destroyed. This would, and did, send a powerful Psychological message that EV's were not ready yet, just a "thing" for the future, thus continuing and supporting the SUV sales effort and overall ICE solution concept. Again, standing by the century old contract with the oil industry. As far as pressuring them to drop that contract and go green by buying foreign, hell, they already went bankrupt and who had to bail them out?? WE DID!! Our money!! In the near term (the next 100 years), you will not be able to dethrone the conventionals. They just have to much power and money in ALL places...

.....Bill
Comment
7 of 11
July 31, 2010
It's actually a very simple decision if you think about it. We need to move away from fossil fuel powered ANYTHING and if buying the Volt helps foster more innovation in the electric powered direction, then it's still the right choice even if currently your electricity is fossil fuel powered. Because if we all do our part, the future will be here sooner than we think, and I'm hoping for an all electric, renewable energy future.
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8 of 11
Anonymous
July 31, 2010
Christof's response was well put.


Another point: even if all things were kept equal with the amount of emissions (for the sake of argument), by switching from gasoline to electricity, you are helping to reduce our country's need to import foreign oil, which is tough to put a price on.
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9 of 11
July 31, 2010
"So, would I pay twice the cost of my current vehicle to save the world?...You have to prove to me it's going to make a difference, this large and expensive Earth purchase."

To start with the Volt is hardly a model/revolutionary vehicle in the global context. It is only a model/revolutionary vehicle within the US centric context of GM--the company that brought you the Hummer/H2/H3...

1) As you already pointed out, it is only 65% more expensive than your current vehicle not twice...

2) Driving an electric mile is cheaper than driving a gasoline mile by a factor of 2 in most places in the US (assuming at least $3/gal gas and conventional car)....without counting the benefit of lower maintenance costs electric cars are projected to have.

3) Even if you are driving on 100% coal and we therefore assume no net carbon benefit, you reduce demand for foreign oil--as anon points out above--and clear your conscience of complicity in future gulf spills.

4) It seems likely that low carbon energy sources will grow as a % of grid power in the future (and you can always invest in renewables individually as Cristof points out) meaning your footprint can improve without changing vehicles in the future.

These arguments clearly do not "prove" anything in the future--very hard to do. My only hope is that the Volt does well enough in the market (despite its warts) to warrant further investment by US car companies, since we really need to have multiple viable options available for dramatically reducing our carbon emissions. If the Volt "bombs" it could be another lost decade for US auto companies and low carbon vehicles.
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10 of 11
July 31, 2010
Regarding driving on fossil fueled electricity: Keep in mind that the typical coal fired powerplant operates much more efficiently than the internal combustion engine (ICE). I forget the exact numbers, but a typical ICE is something less than 20% efficient in converting chemical energy to motion at the wheel while steam turbines run at greater than 70% efficiency in converting chemical energy to electricity.
To be fair, there are losses in transmission and distribution. However, there's big benefits in generating the power in an optimized, controlled environment.
Additionally, it's easier to manage emissions at a central power station than a million rolling exhaust factories.

Thanks for the post.
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11 of 11
August 1, 2010
You are looking at a $20k pv system that would recoup its costs on your home in 10 years, and that wasn't good enough for you? That's crazy, I've got 4 kw of pv and I would love to see a 10 year payback in my state. What else are you going to put $20 in to get a 10 year payback these days? You can borrow home equity at a much lower rate than that now if you don't have the $20 in savings. Get the pv first and wring your hands and fret over the EV in a couple of years when you've got more and better options.
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