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February 8, 2007

Wood-based Ethanol Plant Slated for Georgia

Company funded by Khosla Ventures eliminates the use of enzymes in cellulosic ethanol production.
Broomfield, Colorado & Palo Alto, California [RenewableEnergyAccess.com]

Wood waste from millions of acres of indigenous Georgia Pine will be the main source of biomass for a new cellulosic ethanol production facility in Treutlen County, Georgia. The plant, being built by Colorado-based Range Fuels, Inc., will use a two-step thermo-chemical conversion process to convert biomass into a synthetic gas and then gas to ethanol.

"The production of cellulosic ethanol represents not only a step toward true energy diversity for the country, but a very cost-effective alternative to fossil fuels. It is advanced weaponry in the war on oil."

-- Vinod Khosla, Khosla Ventures, managing partner

Founded by Menlo Park, California-based Khosla Ventures, Range Fuels' (formerly Kergy, Inc.) business model is to design, build, own and operate its plants. The company estimates that the new plant -- combined with others to follow -- will have the capacity to produce over 1 billion gallons of ethanol per year.

"The state of Georgia has provided us with an excellent opportunity to use its abundant renewable natural resources to help solve fuel issues for the country," said Mitch Mandich, Range Fuels CEO. "Thanks to Georgia's environmentally sensitive stewardship of its forests for the past 50 years, Range Fuels can take what is traditionally considered a waste product, and turn it into a source of transportation fuel."

The company's proprietary technology -- known as the K2 system -- eliminates the use of enzymes, which have been an expensive component of traditional cellulosic ethanol production, and transforms otherwise useless products such as wood chips, agricultural wastes, grasses, and cornstalks as well as hog manure, municipal garbage, sawdust and paper pulp into ethanol through a thermo-chemical conversion process.

"Today's announcement is not only great news for Range Fuels, Inc. and Treutlen County, but also our state's forestry industry and Georgia's continued push to encourage biofuels developed from homegrown products," said Georgia Governor Sonny Perdue, who announced plans for the plant during the Georgia Agribusiness Council's annual State Legislative Breakfast yesterday.

In addition to a broad range of biomass to select from, the K2 system is also modular. Depending upon the quantity and availability of feedstock, the K2 system can scale from entry-level systems to large configurations. According to the company, this range of system performance will allow the K2 to be placed near the biomass location reducing transportation costs, and will allow the most economical size system to be deployed.

"The production of cellulosic ethanol represents not only a step toward true energy diversity for the country, but a very cost-effective alternative to fossil fuels. It is advanced weaponry in the war on oil," said Vinod Khosla, managing partner of Khosla Ventures, who recently told a Reuters Global Biofuels Summit that he could see cellulosic fuel prices sinking to $1 per gallon within 10 years.

According to a spokesman from Governor Perdue's office, construction on the new plant is expected to begin later this year.
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Reader Comments (10)
 
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February 8, 2007
I attended the Atlanta agri-business breakfast Wednesday where the announcement was made by Georgia Governor, Sonny Purdue. "It's going to change the geo-political nature of the world when you can take a passive waste product like biomass from Georgia and turn it into an alternative fuel," Purdue said.

Some experts question the readiness of Range Fuels' two-step thermo-chemical inversion process. Unlike other cellulosic processes, it does not use bacteria or enzymes. But Mandich told me the company is ready for commercial production. Any technical difficulties have been overcome, the company says.

With 24 million acres of forest land, Georgia certainly has no shortage of woody biomass. Forestry Commission officials say they have data showing there is enough wood waste potentially to produce up to two billion gallons of ethanol a year. That is more than one third of Georgia's total consumption of gasoline.

- David Adams
The Fueling Station
Comment 1 of 10
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February 9, 2007
Not having access to the process I don't know what its net energy is. Corn, for instance, is very poor (only about 1.2). But my question about making ethanol is, why? Why not use the gas directly to power whatever. The buses in our town mostly run on methane. Why go through that unnecessary, and energy consuming, step?
Comment 2 of 10
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February 9, 2007
Presumably the waste is left over wood from logging operations. Won't using the waste for ethanol even further deplete the nutrients in the soil? Stripping the forests of everything would ultimately be detrimental to the health of the soil.
Comment 3 of 10
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February 9, 2007
Whether its ethanol or wood pellets, the key point is the smart use of our waste stream resources. Just think of how inefficient the petroleum industry would be if they threw out everything but gasoline. As a nation we need to find smart uses - especially energy - for our entire waste stream.
Comment 4 of 10
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February 9, 2007
There is not much content in this article. Wouldn't it be simpler to turn the waste into wood pellets for heat- related energy applications. A 70,000 tonne pellet plants costs $3 million. I bet the capital costs of this cellulosic technology relative to pellets is in the order of 20 times higher per unit of net energy produced. Pellets can replace natural gas which has a market value of about 70% that of petroleum per unit of energy. You would also displace more fossil energy than if you convert the solid to a liquid fuel as more energy is lost both in the conversion to a liquid and in the conversion process which partially cannibilizes the feedstock for its energy conversion.
Comment 5 of 10
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February 9, 2007
Tremendous idea. I have been following forestry in the southern US for years. With all the mill closures and a vast expanse of sustainably managed forests, this is an ideal fit for landowners, communities, and the envronment.
Comment 6 of 10
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February 10, 2007
Khosla's technology has the possibilities of being a closed-loop system; supplying ethanol with a portion of the syngas (containing all of the elements of the beginning of earth). The remainder can be used to power the plant and excess to the grid. This is revolutionary technology that has many other applications ... if the government (local, state and federal) can understand the complexity of the technology and correct current regulations to adapt to the reality of the green revolution!
Comment 7 of 10
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February 15, 2007
How about using bioalgae. If there are coal,and natural gas fired electric power plants. They can be linked to algae manufacturing plants and made into biodiesel and ethanol. This Idea also creates jobs and cleans the CO2 from the smoke stacks of factories.
Comment 8 of 10
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February 15, 2007

Comment 9 of 10
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February 15, 2007
In order to overcome inevitable questions about depleting large forests of wood to make ethanol (which could occur if this technology takes off and Range starts selling turnkey plants...especially internationally where less stringent environmental rules exist) I recommend that they should invest in the future by coupling this technology implementation with a vast tree planting campaign funded by all the potential money they stand to make if this process really works.
Comment 10 of 10
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